Published: 28 July 2021
Archived: 21 August 2024
About Medsafe
COVID-19 Archive
Adverse events following immunisation with COVID-19 vaccines: Safety Report #19 – 10 July 2021
- Introduction
- Adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) reported
- Summary of reported deaths
- Adverse events of special interest
- Summary of safety signals
- Definitions
- More information
Introduction
This page provides information on the number of adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) reports received for COVID-19 vaccines.
An AEFI is an untoward medical event which follows immunisation and does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the administration of the vaccine. The adverse event may be an unfavourable or unintended sign, abnormal laboratory finding, symptom or disease.
The national roll-out of COVID-19 vaccines commenced on 20 February 2021. The vaccine currently available in New Zealand is Pfizer-BioNTech (Comirnaty). All medicines can cause side effects, the known side effects for Comirnaty are listed in the data sheet and consumer medicine information.
Suspected AEFI to COVID-19 vaccines are reported to the Centre for Adverse Reactions Monitoring (CARM). The Ministry of Health (through Medsafe) contracts the collection of this information to CARM, based at the University of Otago in Dunedin. Medsafe is closely monitoring the AEFI reported from the use of the COVID-19 vaccine. Find out more about vaccine safety monitoring.
Medsafe and CARM thank everyone who has contributed to the monitoring of COVID-19 vaccines. Please continue to report any adverse events following immunisation.
Adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) reported
The information below includes:
- AEFI reports received and vaccine doses administered
- AEFI reports by prioritised ethnicity and vaccine dose
- AEFI reports by age band and vaccine dose
- the top 10 most frequently reported AEFIs by vaccine dose.
AEFI reports received and vaccine doses administered, up to and including 10 July 2021
440
New AEFI reports since last update
(422 new non-serious and 18 new serious)
1
New safety signal (potential safety issue) has been identified
Pancreatitis
1,357,299
Total doses administered
(cumulative)
6,297
Total AEFI reports that were non-serious
289
Total AEFI reports that were serious
6,586
Total AEFI reports that were received
(cumulative)
There were 422 non-serious and 18 serious reports this week. Sadly, one of these
serious reports reported on a death. For more information, please refer to the
summary of reported deaths. No safety concerns with the
Comirnaty vaccine were raised by these reports.
For information about the new safety signal, please refer to the summary of safety signals section.
AEFI reports received by prioritised ethnicity and vaccine dose, up to and including 10 July 2021
Ethnicitya | Dose 1 | Dose 2 | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Māori | 262 | 217 | 479 |
Pacific Peoples | 185 | 169 | 354 |
Asian | 567 | 448 | 1,015 |
European/Other | 2,417 | 2,189 | 4,606 |
Unknownb | 70 | 60 | 130 |
Total | 3,501 | 3,083 | 6,584c |
Notes:
- The prioritised ethnicity classification system allocates each person to a single ethnic group, based on the ethnic groups they identify with. Where people identify with more than one group, they are assigned in this order of priority: Māori, Pacific Peoples, Asian, and European/Other. So, if a person identifies as being Māori and New Zealand European, the person is counted as Māori. See Ethnicity Data Protocols for further information.
- There were 130 AEFI reports where the person’s ethnicity was not reported. Ethnicity is not required for an AEFI report to be considered valid. See ‘Valid report’ in the Definitions section below.
- The total is different from the cumulative total above because it excludes 2 AEFI reports received for infants who did not receive the vaccine (see safety report 10).
AEFI reports received by age band and vaccine dose, up to and including 10 July 2021
Age | Dose 1 | Dose 2 | Total |
---|---|---|---|
10 - 19 years | 85 | 45 | 130 |
20 - 29 years | 557 | 533 | 1,090 |
30 - 39 years | 597 | 618 | 1,215 |
40 - 49 years | 566 | 604 | 1,170 |
50 - 59 years | 590 | 578 | 1,168 |
60 - 69 years | 539 | 386 | 925 |
70 - 79 years | 362 | 190 | 552 |
80+ years | 171 | 94 | 265 |
Unknowna | 34 | 35 | 69 |
Total | 3,501 | 3,083 | 6,584b |
Note:
- There were 69 AEFI reports where the person’s age was not reported. Age is not required for an AEFI report to be considered valid. See ‘Valid report’ in the Definitions section below.
- The total is different from the cumulative total above because it excludes 2 AEFI reports received for infants who did not receive the vaccine (see safety report 10).
Top 10 most frequently reported AEFIs, any dose, up to and including 10 July 2021
Reaction | Number |
---|---|
Headache | 2,345 |
Dizziness | 1,915 |
Nausea | 1,558 |
Lethargy | 1,545 |
Fever | 1,416 |
Injection site pain | 1,389 |
Musculoskeletal pain | 737 |
Feeling of body temperature change | 550 |
Chest discomfort | 487 |
Numbness | 462 |
Top 10 most frequently reported AEFIs, dose 1 only, up to and including 10 July 2021
Reaction | Number |
---|---|
Dizziness | 1,090 |
Headache | 955 |
Nausea | 684 |
Lethargy | 557 |
Injection site pain | 491 |
Fever | 476 |
Numbness | 245 |
Chest discomfort | 222 |
Musculoskeletal pain | 217 |
Syncope (fainting) | 199 |
Top 10 most frequently reported AEFIs, dose 2 only, up to and including 10 July 2021
Reaction | Number |
---|---|
Headache | 1,390 |
Lethargy | 988 |
Fever | 940 |
Injection site pain | 898 |
Nausea | 874 |
Dizziness | 825 |
Musculoskeletal pain | 520 |
Feeling of body temperature change | 394 |
Chest discomfort | 265 |
Numbness | 217 |
Please note that one adverse event report, which represents one person,
may report on more than one symptom. Reports are sent to CARM if the reporter
suspects that the vaccine may have caused the event. This does not necessarily
mean that the vaccine did cause the event.
The number of reports can be influenced by how many people are being vaccinated, media attention, the nature of the events (eg, how painful the vaccination was), and other factors which vary over time. Not everyone who has an adverse reaction reports it, and some people may report AEFIs after each vaccination. The information here shows the number of reports not the number of people who experienced an AEFI.
The information is limited by the information provided in the report and may change over time due to quality control procedures and/or receipt of additional information. Non-valid reports are not included in the data.
Summary of reported deaths
Up to and including 10 July 2021, a total of 19 deaths were reported to CARM after the administration of the Comirnaty vaccine. Following medical assessments by CARM and Medsafe it has been determined that:
- 14 of these deaths are unlikely related to the COVID-19 vaccine
- 2 deaths could not be assessed due to insufficient information
- 3 cases are still under investigation.
By chance, some people will experience new illnesses or die from a pre-existing condition shortly after vaccination, especially if they are elderly. Therefore, part of our review process includes comparing natural death rates to observed death rates following vaccination, to determine if there are any specific trends or patterns that might indicate a vaccine safety concern. There are currently no indications to suggest that the vaccine caused the deaths.
To date, the observed number of deaths reported after vaccination is actually less than the expected number of deaths.
Adverse events of special interest
Adverse events of special interest (AESI) are pre-specified medically significant events that have the potential to be causally associated with the vaccine and must be carefully monitored. AESI can be serious or non-serious and can include:
- Events of interest due to their association with COVID-19 infection.
- Events of interest for vaccines in general (e.g. to the specific vaccine type or adjuvants).
The list of AESIs below takes into consideration the lists of AESIs from expert groups such as the Brighton Collaboration, manufacturers and other regulatory authorities. The AESI list changes based on the evolving safety profile of vaccines. It is important to note that although these adverse events may occur after being vaccinated with a COVID-19 vaccine in New Zealand, they are rare and may not necessarily be related to the vaccine. Medsafe and CARM review the reports to determine whether the vaccine may have played a role in the occurrence of these events.
Adverse events of special interest (AESI) up to and including 10 July 2021
AESI Category | AESI | Totala |
---|---|---|
Immune system disorders | Guillain-Barré Syndrome | <6 |
Thrombocytopenia | <6 | |
Thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) | 0 | |
Anaphylaxisb | 21 | |
Cardiovascular system | Myocardial infarction (heart attack) | <6 |
Myocarditis/pericarditis | 17 | |
Blood and lymphatic system | Thrombosis | 7 |
Embolism | 10 | |
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) | 12 | |
Vasculitis | <6 | |
Haemorrhage | 23 | |
Hepato-gastrointestinal and renal system | Acute kidney injury | 0 |
Acute liver injury | <6 | |
Nervous system | Aseptic meningitis | 0 |
Encephalitis | 0 | |
Stroke | 13 | |
Bell's Palsy/facial paralysis | 20 | |
Myelitis | 0 | |
Infections and musculoskeletal | Erythema multiforme | 0 |
Arthritis | <6 | |
Herpes zoster | 32 | |
Pregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions | Abortion (spontaneous abortion /miscarriage) | <6 |
- Includes all reports, both serious and non-serious. Counts below 6 are reported as <6 for privacy reasons.
- Includes reports meeting levels 1-3 of the Brighton Collaboration case definition.
Summary of safety signals
New safety signal: Pancreatitis
Medsafe investigated a possible safety signal of pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas). The COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Monitoring Board (CV-ISMB) reviewed the available evidence and concluded that there is no increased risk of pancreatitis. Medsafe will continue to monitor pancreatitis through our usual safety monitoring processes.
Ongoing monitoring: Bell’s palsy/facial paralysis
Facial paralysis is a rare but known adverse reaction with Comirnaty. Bell's palsy/facial paralysis is identified as an AESI in New Zealand and internationally. We will continue to monitor Bell's palsy/facial paralysis through our usual safety monitoring processes.
Summary of Medsafe’s investigations into possible safety signals
Safety signal | Outcome |
---|---|
Blood clots | Continue to monitor. See also the Monitoring communication |
Appendicitis | Continue to monitor |
Myocarditis/pericarditis | Information will be added to Comirnaty data sheet. See the Alert communication |
Herpes zoster | Continue to monitor |
Bell’s palsy/facial paralysis | Continue to monitor |
Menstrual disorder | Continue to monitor |
Stroke | Continue to monitor |
Tinnitus | Investigation ongoing. Medsafe has asked Pfizer for more information |
AEFIs in the elderly | Investigation ongoing |
Pancreatitis | Continue to monitor |
Definitions
- Adverse event following immunisation (AEFI)
- An AEFI is an untoward medical event which follows immunisation and does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the administration of the vaccine. The adverse event may be an unfavourable or unintended sign, abnormal laboratory finding, symptom or disease.
- Serious adverse event following immunisation
- An AEFI is considered serious if it:
- is a medically important event or reaction
- requires hospitalisation or prolongs an existing hospitalisation
- causes persistent or significant disability or incapacity
- is life threatening
- causes a congenital anomaly/birth defect
- results in death.
- Adverse events of special interest (AESI)
- An AESI is a pre-specified medically significant event that has the potential to be causally associated with the vaccine product based on past experience, the technology used to make the vaccine or the infection the vaccine is used to protect against. AESIs need to be carefully monitored and any potential association to vaccination confirmed by further analysis and studies.
- Safety signal
- Information on a new or known adverse event that may be caused by the vaccine and requires further investigation. Safety signals can be detected from a wide range of sources such as CARM reports, clinical studies and scientific literature.
- Valid report
- There are only four requirements for a valid AEFI report:
- one patient identifier (eg, name, initials, gender, date of birth, age)
- suspect medicine(s)
- suspected reaction(s)
- reporter details.
More information
See the data sheets and consumer medicine information for the expected reactions for approved COVID-19 vaccines.
COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Monitoring Process
View Ministry of Health COVID-19 vaccine data
Latest listing of all cases received
The latest listing of AEFIs received is included in the attached spreadsheet. Medsafe advises patients NOT to make any decisions about vaccination based on information contained here.